ABSTRACT
Objective: This study investigated prognostic factors of short survival in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) upon the time of their admission to the Palliative Care Unit (PCU). Method: We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of 12 patients with MPM, who died at the PCU of our hospital from January 2016 to April 2018. According to the classification of survival period by previous predictor model, these patients were classified into three Groups, Group A: less than 13 days, Group B: between 14 and 55 days, and Group C: more than 56 days. Results: The number of patients was 5 in Group A, 5 in Group B, and 2 in Group C, respectively. Hemoptysis was seen in 40% of patients of Group A only and oxygen inhalation was necessary for all the patients of Group A. Dysphagia and bilateral pleural involvement were seen in 80% of Group A and in 60% of Group B. Pneumonia was seen in 60% of Group A and in 20% of Group B. The above four factors were not seen in Group C. Conclusion: This preliminary study suggests that hemoptysis, dysphagia, bilateral pleural involvement, pneumonia, and oxygen inhalation are possibly prognostic factors of short survival of patients with MPM upon their admission to PCU.
ABSTRACT
A 53-year-old man who complained of chest pain was admitted. He had been on hemodialysis for chronic renal failure since age 34 and suffered from painful abdominal skin ulcer of unknown etiology when he was 49 years old. His coronary angiography showed severe coronary stenosis on the left main trunk and triple vessels. Preoperative CT revealed severe systemic vascular calcification. He underwent coronary artery bypass grafting using the left internal thoracic artery and saphenous vein grafts. Postoperatively, his left anterior chest wall changed into the painful necrosis. On the 43rd postoperative day, VAC therapy was started after the debridement of necrotizing tissue. Histological examination confirmed that it was ischemic necrosis due to stenosis of the vascular lumen with medial calcification and intimal hyperplasia resembling “calciphylaxis”. Performing the sternal excision and skin grafting for the sternal dehiscence, he was discharged on the 148th postoperative day with perfect healing of the chest wall. The calciphylaxis was suspected to be the cause of this rare complication. Therefore, we should consider this matter carefully whenever we harvest the internal thoracic artery for patients who undergo coronary bypass grafting and who require hemodialysis for chronic renal failure.
ABSTRACT
A 69-year-old woman underwent aortic valve replacement (AVR) for prosthetic valve (Freestyle<sup>TM</sup> stentless valve) endocarditis (PVE) in April 2001. The patient was admitted to our hospital with diarrhea and tarry stools in January 2002 and was treated with intravenous hyperalimentation. She had fever and inflammatory findings at 1 week after admission, and was given intravenous antibiotics. Symptoms and laboratory findings improved gradually, but transesophageal echocardiography revealed a mobile mass in the ascending aorta near the noncoronary sinus of Valsalva. The serum β<sub>-D</sub> glucan level was elevated and blood culture was positive for <i>Candida parapsilosis</i>. These findings suggested fungal endocarditis of the ascending aorta, so the patient underwent surgery. Vegetation was attached to the aortic wall near the noncoronary sinus of Valsalva. It was removed with part of the ascending aorta, followed by reconstruction with a gusset xenograft. In addition, aortic valve replacement was performed with a mechanical valve. The resected tissue grew <i>C. parapsilosis</i>, so parenteral anti-fungal drugs were administered intravenously for 8 weeks after surgery. Although cerebral infarction occurred, she was discharged on the 133rd postoperative day. There was no recurrence of infection and she remained on oral anti-fungal medication for 24 months postoperatively.
ABSTRACT
A 68-year-old woman received aortic valve replacement (AVR) with a Freestyle stentless valve using a subcoronary technique for aortic stenosis and regurgitation in September 2000. She complained of chest pain, had low grade fever and findings of inflammation and was admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in December 2000. She suffered from repetitive or recurrent myocardial infarction. Transesophageal echocardiogram revealed no abnormal findings of the Freestyle stentless valve, but her blood culture was positive for methicillin-resistant coagulase negative <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRCNS) and she underwent an emergency operation. The Freestyle stentless valve was removed and replaced with a mechanical valve. The patient's intraoperative tissue grew MRCNS and parenteral antibiotics were administered for 8 weeks after surgery. Her condition was complicated with multiple cerebral infarction, however she was discharged on the 113th postoperative day and is doing well without recurrence of infection 12 months after the operation.
ABSTRACT
We report a case of successful surgical treatment for an aortic anastomotic false aneurysm associated with a graft-duodenal fistula after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. A 63-year-old man was admitted with melena and an aortic anastomotic false aneurysm after prosthetic graft replacement 8 years previously. CT scan demonstrated an aneurysm with a maximum diameter of 70mm at the proximal anastomotis of the prosthetic graft. Gastroduodenoscopy revealed no bleeding site in the stomach or the first and second portions of the duodenum. Therefore, we performed an emergency operation under a diagnosis of an aortic anastomotic false aneurysm associated with a graft-duodenal fistula. The aneurysm was replaced with interposition of a new prosthetic graft via a thoracoabdominal approach. The fistula was repaired by covering the duodenum with the jejunum through a left pararectal laparotomy. The postoperative course was uneventful, and there was no evidence of graft infection at 14 months after the operation.
ABSTRACT
It is well known that patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) have a high incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD), and that the major cause of death in patients undergoing aneurysmectomy is acute myocardial infarction. A total of 53 patients (mean age, 71 years) underwent elective repair of AAA between January 1991 and November 1999. In an attempt to reduce early and late mortality caused by myocardial infarction, coronary angiography (CAG) was performed in all cases. Significant CAD was found in 23 patients (43%), with triple vessel disease in 1 patient (2%), double vessel disease in 5 patients (9%), single vessel disease in 16 patients (30%) and left main in 1 patient (2%). Ten patients (19%) in whom CAD was detected by CAG had no history of CAD and displayed no ischemic findings on ECG. In 4 patients (8%), AAA repair was performed 2 (mean) months after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was performed in 8 patients (23%) 19 days (mean) prior to AAA surgery. No patient had a perioperative myocardial infarction either following coronary revascularization (CABG and PTCA) or AAA resection. Moreover, there was only one operative death after abdominal aneurysmectomy (2%), in a patient who was 70 years old with chronic hemodialysis and who died due to multiple organ failure caused by uncontrollable adhesional ileus. The results of this study emphasize the importance of preoperative routine coronary angiography following coronary artery revascularization to enhance the operative outcome of AAA repair.
ABSTRACT
Rheumatic tricuspid stenosis has become rare recently. A 54-year-old woman had undergone mitral valve replacement with a Carpentier-Edwards bioprosthesis for mitral stenosis 22 years previously and had undergone repeat mitral valve replacement for prosthetic valve failure 10 years later. She was admitted with severe leg edema. Cardiac catheterization revealed pulmonary hypertension and tricuspid stenosis with a diastolic pressure gradient of 6mmHg across the tricuspid valve. Tricuspid valve replacement was performed with a Hancock bioprosthesis. The postoperative course was uneventful and her edema improved markedly. This case suggested that careful follow-up to detect progression of tricuspid stenosis is necessary in patients with rheumatic valve disease and pulmonary hypertension.